Identifying The Child Readiness for Independent School Essay

Identifying The Child Readiness for Independent School - Essay Example His brilliance in Mathematics has many times been highlighted by the praise that he has received from his teacher as well as his colleagues. He performs very well in the subject and is very active in the classroom in helping out his classmates as well. In the case of Humanities, Jazz tries to understand the subject with proper concepts. He shows great interest in the understanding of human history and the importance that history lays on our lives today. He always strives to learn more with regard to the early human developments as well as the important events that have taken place in the history of the world. Jazz is an active member of the school sports teams. He enjoys playing sports and has the potential to greatly contribute to the school sports community. He has been actively involved in playing sports which include basketball, soccer, badminton, swimming, and golf. Jazz has a very healthy lifestyle and he is actively engaged in extracurricular activities. He is also a very good observer and loves to appreciate the beauty of nature. Apart from playing sports, Jazz is very considerate and helping and it is for this reason that he became a member of the Boys Scouts. He always wishes to contribute to society and be of assistance to people who are in need of help. I do not have any concern with regard to the admission of Jazz in Independent School. I am a proud parent owing to the high achievements of my son in all fields of education. He is an all-rounder and will be able to cope up with the educational environment. I believe that my son will actively contribute to the school community and perform well in his academics as well.

Guidelines for Communicating Emotions Effectively Essay

Guidelines for Communicating Emotions Effectively - Essay Example e regular subjects of everyday discussions and just how well these feelings are articulated and recognized is essential to interpersonal associations and personal health and well-being. In the same way, in restorative contexts, improvement depends upon, among other stuff, just how articulately the client conveys his or her feelings and how properly the psychologist comprehends and replies to these gestures. In this paper, we seize an interdisciplinary strategy to comprehending the verbal communication of emotion in many different contexts. All of the languages offer speakers with a cluster of verbal approaches for passing on emotions. In English, for instance, we certainly have plenty of both literal (e.g., irked, upset, raging), and figurative (e.g., switching ones lid, whack a gasket) miens that can be used to explain a technically unlimited variety of emotional states (Bush 432-435). Studies of dialect use in psychotherapy similarly are replete with samples of literal and figurative miens for feelings (Bush 57). Emotions go profound and they are strong. It’s possible to shake off control and vital that you get around them the ideal you can. There are many measures to go through to communicate emotions efficiently, and conveying emotions efficiently can be good for everybody (Johnson 153). Before you may convey your feelings, you really have to understand what precisely you are going through. Can it be rage or anxiety? Joy or satisfaction? The very first thing you ought to do is steam everything down and figure out what the primary feeling is (Wood 234). Emotions can be found in packages. In fact, it is a very common occurrence to feel several emotions. however, determining the primary one can assist another person better know what is going on (Bush 57). Everyones way of feeling differs. Unhappiness, rage, thrill are all offered in numerous ways for every person. Making the effort when youre not mentally activated to take into consideration your emotions

Internal Control Over Fixed Assets Accounting Essay

Internal Control Over Fixed Assets Accounting Essay Maintaining control over plant and equipment: subsidiary ledgers Unless internal controls over plant and equipment are carefully designed many units of equipment are likely to be broken, discarded or stolen without any entry being made in the accounting records for their disposal. The assets accounts will then be overstated and depreciation programs for such missing unites of equipment will presumably continue. Consequently net income will be misstated because of the omission of losses on retirement of plant assets and because of erroneous depreciation charges. One important control devise which guards against failure to record the retirement of assets is the use of controlling accounts and subsidiary ledgers for plant and equipment. The general ledger ordinarily contains a serpent assets account and related depreciation accounts for each major classification of plant assets, such as land, buildings ,office equipment and deal very equipment. For example the general ledger will contain the account office equipment and also the related accounts depreciation expense: office equipment and accumulated deportation: office equipment, the general ledger account, office equipment, contains entries for a variety of items: typewriters, filing cabinets , dicta phones, desks, etc It is not possible in this one general account to maintain adequate information concerning the cost of each item, its estimated useful life, book value, insured value, and other date which may be needed by management as a basis for decisions on such issues a replacement, insura nce and taxation. A subsidiary ledger should therefore be established for office equipment, and for each of the other general ledger accounts which represents many separate units of plant property. The subsidiary ledger in a manual accounting system may consist of a card life, with a separate card of each unit of property, such as a typewriter or desk. Each card shows the name of the asset, identification number, and such as details as date of acquisition, cost, useful life, depreciation, accumulated depreciation, insurance coverage, repair, and gain or loss on disposal. The general ledger account, Office Equipment, serves as a control; the balance of this controlling account is equal to the total cost of the items in the subsidiary ledger for office equipment, The general ledger account, Accumulated Depreciation: Office Equipment, is also a controlling account; its balance is equal to the total of the accumulated depreciation shown on all the cards in the office equipment ledger. Every acquisition of office equipment is entered in the controlling account and also on a card in the subsidiary ledger . Similarly , every disposal of an item of office equipment is entered in both be controlling account and the subsidiary ledger. Each card in a subsidiary ledger for plant and equipment shows an identification number which should also appear in the form of metal tag attached to the asset itself. Consequently, a physical inventory of plant and equipment can be taken and will prove whether all units of equipment shown by the records are actually on hand and being used in operations. Other advantages afforded by a plant and equipment ledger are the ready availability of information for the periodic computation of depreciation, and for entries to record the disposal of individual items of property. A better basis is also available for supporting the date in tax return, for obtaining proper insurance coverage , and for supporting claims for losses sustained on insured property. In well managed companies , it is standard practice to control expenditures for plant and equipment by preparing a budget of all planned acquisitions for at least a year in advance. A first essential to the preparation of such a budget is a detailed record showing the assets presently owned, their cost, age , and remaining useful life. Plant and equipment: Transactions that change the amount of investment in the plant and equipment of a business have a tendency to occur infrequently and to involve relatively large amount Current assets, on the other hand , are in more or less fluid state, undergoing smaller changes constantly. Although a companys methods of internal accounting control generally apply to all transactions, whether they relate to current assets or to plant and equipment . the auditing procedures differ for the two groups. In auditing current assets at the balance sheet date, the auditor is concerned with the balance on hand. changes that occurred during the year are not substantiated in detail except in audits designed as complete audits, With plant and equipment , the auditor is concerned with all changes that took place during the audit period regardless of the type of audit that is being performed ALL of any substantial amount that either increase or decrease the value of such assets must be examined. LAND: Land used in the operation of a business should be recorded separately from land acquired as an investment or speculation. Procedures in accounting for the two types of land differ considerably. Land held for business use appears on the balance sheet as a part of plant and equipment, and expenses associated with it are operating expense, whereas land acquired as an investment is classified with other investment assets, and applicable expense sometimes are capitalized, they are treated as non operating or financial expenses. Land acquired for use in the operation of a business should always be recorded separately from the building that may be located thereon. The principal reason for this is that the buildings are subject to depreciation, which must be treated as an operating cost, while it is not customary to take into consideration any depreciation on land in ascertaining the operating costs of a business. In cases where an auditor finds land and building recorded in a single real estate account , he should recommend a segregation of the land and buildings with a specific value on each. This will facilitate the computation of depreciation of building apart from the land. Land is, in a sense, the most permanent asset of a business, the auditor should ascertain that the land account is charged with(1) the original cost,(2) the expenses incident to the purchase, such as a cost of investigating the title, recording the deed, commissions paid, and any other expenses that represent an addition to the purchase price and(3) the cost of subsequent improvements that increase the value of the land, such as draining, grading, building approaches, assessments for sewers, and treat improvements. Not infrequently. Assessments for improvements charged off as current operating expenses. Such costs, however, should be charged to the land account. When land is sold. The land account should be credited with the cost price, while the difference between the cost and the selling price should be recorded separately as a loss or a gain. Under this procedure the balance of the land account will always represent the original cost plus the cost of improvements of the land owned. Vehicles: Every organization that has vehicles must have a vehicle politics. This will write down the policy on a range of cases such as: Insurance Depreciation Repair and Maintenance Purchasing, disposal and replacement Private usage of it by staff What needs to be done when an accident happen Driver training and qualifications Carrying the passengers The costs of replacement and repair must be good in the budget procedure. For every vehicle there must be a record of journeys so that the operation costs per Km can be evaluated and private use closely monitored. Buying fuel for cash is risky, and it might be safer to establish an account with a reputable fuel company and pay every month by check instead Buildings: Buildings may be acquired through the purchase of real estate in which case separate values should be placed upon the buildings and land, the basis of the valuation being cost. In the preparation of annual should be valued at cost plus addition and Improvements less the depreciation. For balance sheet purposes, the buildings are generally listed at cost with the allowance for depreciation being deducted. The difference is extended as the book value of the buildings. Occasionally they question arises whether the accounts for buildings, as will as land and other types of plant and equipment should be marked up from the basis of cost to a higher current value determined by an appraisal. In the audit of the buildings account the auditor should prepare working papers in which different buildings are segregated. These working papers should show the book values at the beginning of the period under audit the cost of additions or deductions during the period. These beginning and ending balance should be checked with the amount of the building and ending balance on the balance sheet as both dates and should be in agreement with the account on the books. If the subsidiary building ledger is maintained it should be compared with the controlling account in the general ledger to see that they agree . all additions and deductions during the period should be carefully examined to be sure that they have been properly accounted for, due care being used to disting uish between capital and revenue expenditure. AUDIT OBJECTIVES Audit procedures to be followed when examining plant and equipment records are designed to acquaint the auditor with the recording methods used. To assure him that the claim of ownership is valid, and to assist him in determining that the assets do in fact exist and that the provisions for depreciation are adequate but not excessive. they also help in determining that internal accounting control is adequate that property accounts show consistent treatment of properly capitalizable items, hat no significant additions to properties have been charged to income, and that proper retirements and replacements. Elements of Internal Control over fixed assets Fixed Assets are sometimes referred to as Property, Plant and Equipment (PPE) and the terms are used interchangeably. In many companies the following elements of Internal Control over PPE are considered and performed according to standard guidelines: Approval process for Capital Expenditures (Capex) Determination whether planned expenditure is capitalized or expensed Purchasing and Accounts Payable systems are correctly applied If capitalized, appropriate useful life and salvage value determined Correct depreciation expense is calculated and applied each period Property tax reports filed with tax jurisdictions Insurance coverage relates directly to asset exposure However, there is one critical element of Internal Control that often is missed. This involves periodically checking that the information shown in the property record system corresponds to the actual assets reported to be there. To put this into perspective, a company may have a very good system of invoicing and accounts receivable, but it is still necessary to confirm that outstanding balances as part of the required annual audit. One well known aspect of this is the verification of ageing debts in the A/R ledger to confirm their collect ability. Similarly, with inventory (raw material, work in process and finished goods), for the past 70 years companies have been required to perform a physical count and valuation at least once a year. Further, auditors are required to monitor closely the inventory taking and pricing. In the case of perpetual inventory systems, periodic sample testing is required, again with external auditor input. After the reconciliation of receivables and inventory, adjusting entries must be made to bring the accounting records into agreement with the underlying assets. It is equally necessary that the same kind of reconciliation of reported balances to actual physical assets is in place because for many companies, PPE may represent 35% or more of total assets. Without a periodic reconciliation, the property record system will lose accuracy as items are scrapped or enhanced. If a reconciliation is performed and adjusting entries made, however, the resultant asset category totals have been verified. Managem ent can then sign with confidence the Section 404 certification its assertion that there is a system of Internal Controls and that the system is working properly. The Assets Register An Assets registry should be established with a record sheet or an entry for each asset. Each asset must be given a unique ref number for identification goals. The register will include information about when and where the item was purchased; how much its insured for; how much it cost; repair history; ref number, serial numbers and details of guarantees and warranties. It may also contain information on depreciation, if it is pertinent. The entry should state where the item held and who is responsible for its security and maintenance. The Assets Register must be checked by a committee member and senior manager each quarter or any discrepancies reported and take the appropriate action. Internal Control of Fixed Assets: A Controller and Auditors Guide: What are standard fixed asset control procedures? Tagging & labeling of assets assets are labeled or tagged so that they can be easily identified & their ownership established I insurance of assets against theft, fire, flood etc.- in most countries, only vehicles are insured. But it is a recommended practice to insure all project assets. In some financing agreements, this is mandatory Physical inventory of assets at regular intervals Log books for vehicles , construction equipment, generators etc. The log book records the details of use of the asset & is usually maintained by the driver or operator. It helps in identifying personal use of project assets. It is also used for calculating fuel consumption Cross referencing of financial & fixed asset records done to avoid payment to supplier before assets are recorded in the FAR. For internal control purposes it is vital to reconcile the financial accounting records with fixed asset records Note: In some countries, it is the Government Policy to only insure vehicles. Auditingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ second editionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..silvoso. bauer**** ****Accounting the basis for business decisionsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.fifth editionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ walter B. meigs and Robert F. meigs.

backstreet boys :: essays research papers

Backstreet Boys   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In a world full of imitations, the Backstreet Boys are definitely not just another fabricated, bubblegum-pop boy-band, but are a multi-talented group of real musicians. With each Backstreet Boy having his own unique experiences in such areas as: acting, singing, modeling, and playing instruments, it is obvious that it would add flavor to their phenomenal voices, and lead them to fame and fortune. â€Å"Honestly, looking at them for the first time with their country, down to earth, all American boy image, I thought they were out of their heads. Eventually, their vocal abilities and their passion for music changed my mind,† stated their former manager, Johnny Wright on VH1 Music Television. Although it may seem as if success was easily handed over to them, these five regular guys from Orlando, Florida experienced many struggles on their bumpy road to the top.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"They are liked and have such a huge following because of the diverse group of boys represented,† Kayla Jones stated in a personal interview. Despite their success in being number one in thirty-eight different countries, each member had his fair share of struggles before reaching his status in the Backstreet Boys (Gold Collector’s Series Entertainment Magazine). Leaving their mark on the world was not as easy as it may seem. Each member comes from a different background with influences ranging from Latin to even Blackfoot Indian (Krulik, 11). What brings such a young and talented group of guys together is their love and passion for music and the stage. Ashufta 2 Nicholas Gene Carter, better known as Nick from the Backstreet Boys, was born in Jamestown, New York on January 28, 1980 (Golden 61). Being born in the same hospital as Lucille Ball, it was inevitable that he was destined for a career in show business. Shortly after his birth, his family moved to a dream house in Orlando, Florida. It was there that Nick truly developed his skills and desires for the entertainment world. He experienced the different aspects of show business including: singing for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers halftime shows, acting in Phantom of the Opera, winning talent shows, and even working for Nickelodeon and the Disney Channel (Golden 64). Despite of his accomplishments, he was still unsatisfied and was determined to discover his ideal job in the spotlight. The rebel of the Backstreet Boys, Alexander James (A.J.) McLean was born on January 9, 1978 in West Palm Beach, Florida.

Quantitative and Qaulity Research

Quantitative & Qualitative Research COMPARISON OF QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS Introduction This paper compares and contrasts qualitative and quantitative research methods in three basic areas. These are the of their: epistemological foundations, data collection methods, and data analysis methods. The paper ends with a brief summary of the primary points made. ComparisonGall, Borg and Gall (1996) discuss several similarities and differences between qualitative and quantitative research methods. With respect to similarities, both kinds of research formulate epistemological positions regarding the nature of causation and reality and both comprise a set of methods for designing research, collecting data, analyzing data, and deriving information from data collection and analysis.However, they differ in terms of the epistemological positions they advocate and in the methods they hold to be appropriate for meaningful scientific inquiry. One primary difference between the t wo research methods according to Gall, Borg and Gall (1996) involves their epistemological assumptions about the nature that causality. The quantitative method, according to the authors, rests on a view of causation as an external, measurable force that occurs independently of the observer and can be used to explain diverse phenomena.On the other hand, the conceptual foundation of qualitative research holds that causation itself is predominately a human interpretive process. The foregoing assumptions have implications for how scientists should study reality. Quantitative research roots its methods of acquiring information in a view that holds that reality is external to the observer whereas the qualitative method grounds its methodological principles and practices in the notion of reality as an interpretative construct.This point has been discussed by Wainwright (1997) who states that typically qualitative research seeks to discover information about any given phenomenon by obtainin g an in-depth understanding of the meanings and definitions of the phenomenon that are conceptualized by informants; moreover, these need not be many informants; a simple case study of one individual is said to yield much given the subjective element of reality.Quantitative research, based on its assumptions of causation and reality, attempts to arrive at an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon by measuring â€Å"it† in some fairly objective manner with results that can be established as valid by a set of formal scientific/methodological principles of inquiry and set criteria for reliability and validity. It seeks for results that are stable across time.Thus, while qualitative research aims at discovering how a very small collective interpret a phenomenon, quantitative research looks at some objective index of the phenomenon attempting to produce information that is stable and valid for large populations and samples. Gall, Borg and Gall (1996) note that for some domains s uch as education, the existing knowledge base consists of information obtained by both quantitative and qualitative research.The authors point out that many research experts believe it is quite acceptable to use both kinds of research to collect information about a given phenomenon despite their differing assumptions—-provided that the two methods are assigned differing roles in terms of the contribution they make to understanding the phenomenon being studied. With respect to the foregoing, qualitative methods are assigned the role of intensively observing some small sample and conceptualizing possible themes, patterns, processes, and/or structures as being involved in the phenomenon of interest.Quantitative methods are then called upon to determine whether the conceptualized constructs are supportable or confirmed. For example, a quantitative study might be conducted of three special education students' responses to inclusion with possible patterns of response being conceptu alized based on this small sample. Quantitative methods would then be used to determine whether this pattern of response is present in a much larger collective of special education students.Thus, qualitative and quantitative research can be seen as working together in complementary fashion. Gall, Borg and Gall (1996) report that the extent to which the two types of research can work to complement each other, in actual practice, is dependent on two contingencies. First, the phenomena being studied must be stable across time. Second, qualitative researchers must provide constructs that can be operationalized which is to say that can be measured in some objective way using a numerical system of some sort.If these conditions are satisfied, quantitative measures can then be used to support whether what is present at the individual or case level is also present for larger populations and samples. Gall, Borg and Gall (1996) further report that some researchers do not believe the two resear ch approaches can actually work together in a complementary fashion; this because of their differing epistemological views of causation and reality — views which make for not only conceptual but also profound methodological differences.For example, quantitative research stipulates that a researcher must state what can be expected to be revealed by his data analysis based on existing research (hypothesis formulation and testing). Qualitative researchers, however, believe that theories and concepts are only meaningfully derived AFTER the data has been collected. Similarly, the two research types differ in the methods they use to derive meaningful information from the data. Quantitative methods hold that the data should be analyzed statistically while quantitative research holds that it should be analyzed using formal methods of reasoning and interpretation.Gall, Borg and Gall (1996) have also listed some of the differences between qualitative and quantitative research methods i n terms of the reports each side outputs following their investigations. In this regard, the authors state that the reports of quantitative research tend to be impersonal and objective write-ups of research findings. Qualitative research reports, on the other hand, are said to reflect the researcher's analytical reconstruction and interpretation of data provided to readers with an awareness that the readers themselves will, in fact, reinterpret what is reported.However, since it is likely that the epistemological structures of both research methods have some truth and some error in their epistemological frameworks, Gall, Borg and Gall (1996) state that it is quite possible that both methods can contribute valid data and so edify scientists' attempts to understand a given phenomena when used together in a complementary fashion. Given the foregoing, it seems reasonable to suggest that the determination as to whether a given researcher should use qualitative or quantitative methods, or use both conjointly, may depend upon the nature of information he desires and the use to which it shall be put.For example, Crowl (1996) states that if a researcher desires to focus on some complex issue and to use it in a pragmatic way, then it is wise to conduct research using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Both methods are said to provide a broader examination of the phenomenon and thus yield a fuller understanding of its complex structure. This broader look, in turn, is said to foster greater insight into the ways the information can be practically applied. Mertes (1998) states that there are certain kinds of information needs that are better suited to being answered using qualitative methods than quantitative methods.These are said to include: (1) the need to understand in detail why an individual does something; (2) the need to determine what aspects, components, or elements of a given issue or phenomenon are important and why they are important; (3) the need to i dentify a full range of responses or opinions existing in a given collective; and (4) the need to find areas of consensus in patterns of response. On the other hand, Mertes (1998) states that quantitative research is probably the best choice if there is a need to determine â€Å"how many† or to measure some volume-related characteristic of a collective.In other words, quantitative research should be used when there is an interest in how many people in a population have a particular characteristic or response. Further, Mertes (1998) reports that quantitative research is appropriate for measuring attitudes and behaviors, for profiling certain groups, and for formulating predictions. One particularly interesting point about qualitative and quantitative research methods is to note that the distinguishing characteristics are actual differences only to a certain extent.For example, McKereghan (1998) notes that qualitative and quantitative research can be distinguished in several wa ys and goes on to list some of these differences. Specifically, it is noted that quantitative research is objective; qualitative research is subjective. Quantitative research seeks explanatory laws; qualitative research aims at in-depth description. Quantitative research measures what it assumes to be a static reality in hopes of developing universal laws. Qualitative research is an exploration of what is assumed to be a dynamic reality.It does not claim that what is discovered in the process is universal and, thus, replicable. However, what McKereghan (1998) points out is that when actual research studies are examined in methodological detail, they seldom fit the sharp clear models of differences that are provided in written discussions of the two research approaches. Rather, in most any given study, elements of quantitative and qualitative procedures can be found. Because of this, McKereghan argues that discussing research using this dichotomy may not be especially applicable to w hat actually goes on in the world of research.Thus, while the two methods can be distinguished, it is probably important to note that this clarity of distinction is present far more in theory than in practice. Finally, it can be noted that quantitative methods help to make generalizations to larger groups and follow a well-established and respected set of statistical procedures, of which the properties are well-understood. However, in terms of practice, there is again an important issue related to whether practice actually meets the standards set for this research approach.As noted by Gall, Borg and Gall (1996), many studies are designed poorly, i. e. , many studies cannot find a significant difference when one exists, due to insufficient sample sizes or to extremely small effect sizes. Further, quantitative methods are often misinterpreted. Summary In this paper's comparison of qualitative and quantitative research methods, several points were made. It was noted that the two resear ch approaches differ in terms of their epistemological positions on causation and reality and this in turn makes for a number of methodological differences in the approaches.For example, it was noted that qualitative research typically entails in-depth analysis of relatively few subjects for which a rich set of data is collected and organized. Quantitative research, on the other hand, was said to entail the proper application of statistics to typically a large number of subjects. Further, the points were made that while quantitative research is objective; qualitative research is subjective. Also, it was noted that quantitative research seeks explanatory laws; qualitative research aims at in-depth description.In addition, quantitative research was said to measures what it assumes to be a static reality in hopes of developing universal laws while qualitative research is an exploration of what is assumed to be a dynamic, shifting, interpretative reality. It was noted that due to the di ffering nature of the two research approaches, it is likely that the selection of which to use will depend upon the nature of the information sought by the researcher and the use to which this information will be put. Examples were offered showing the kind of research to which each method or a combination of methods are particularly suited.Finally, the point was made that while there appear to be large differences between the approach from a philosophical/conceptual position, in actual research, methods from both approaches are often used. Further, the standards set for conducting each particular type of research, especially quantitative research, are often not met. References Crowl, T. K. (1996). Fundamentals of educational research (2nd ed. ) Madison, WI: Brown and Benchmark. Gall, M. D. , Borg, W. R. & Gall, J. P. (1996). Educational research: An introduction (6th ed. White Plains, NY: Longman. McKereghan, D. L. (1998). Quantitative versus qualitative research: An attempt to clar ify the problem. Document available at:http://socrates. fortunecity. com/qvq. html. Mertes, D. M. (1998). Research methods in education and psychology: Integrating diversity with quantitative and qualitative approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Wainwright, D. (1997). Can sociological research be qualitative, critical and valid? The Qualitative Report, 3(2). Document available: http://nova. edu/ssss/QR/QR3-2/wain. html.

Literature: a Mirror of Life Essay

In this course you have been exposed to many authors, genres, writing styles and themes. For your Key Assignment, you will reflect on what you learned from the works of fiction, poetry and drama you have read and consider the impact literature has had—and will hopefully continue to have—on your own life. Please write a final paper of 1500 words or more discussing the following questions. Be sure to begin your paper with an engaging introduction and clear thesis statement, develop each point in the body of your paper using examples and quotes from the assigned readings, and conclude your paper with a restatement of your thesis and closing remarks. As always, be sure to maintain your credibility by including in-text citations and a reference list correctly formatted in APA style. Short Stories: Analyze the elements of fiction, including setting, characters, point of view, plot, symbolism, themes, tone and irony. Cite specific examples from the assigned stories for each element. Which of the short stories we read was your favorite, and why? Give several reasons. Poetry: Break down the elements of poetry, including imagery, figurative language, symbolism, word choice, themes, tone and sound. Cite specific examples from the assigned poems for each element. Which of the poems we read was your favorite, and why? Share several reasons. Drama: Review the elements of drama, including setting, characters, plot, stage directions, symbolism, themes and dialogue. Cite specific examples from Trifles for each element. How has reading the play deepened your understanding of live performances, television dramas and movies? Values and Morals: Values and morality have been recurring considerations in many of our assigned works. Talk about personal values and moral codes as they are conveyed in each of the following: one short story (chosen from the Phase 1 or Phase 2 reading lists), one poem (chosen from the Phase 3 reading list), and the play, Trifles. Which of all the works we’ve read is your favorite and why? In what ways do you think it will make a lasting impact on you personally and professionally? Final Considerations: Discuss how literature can provide â€Å"a reflection of life† which can help us understand our own struggles, triumphs, values and moral codes and increase our empathy for others. What  is one thing you learned about yourself this term as a result of gazing into literature’s â€Å"mirror?†

History Research Paper Sample

History Research Paper Sample History Research Paper Sample Research paper: History (Memoir value and problem as a way of recount) Introduction Recounting the past is an important aspect of human survival in finding answers and solutions to different problems. As such, it is important that humans consider the past as they chart their way forward as to avoid repeating past mistakes in order build a conceivable future, in all aspects of human lives, be it social, political, or economic aspects. This essay focuses on two memoirs by two female writers that recount past activities that shaped human destiny significantly. The memoirs are Wild Swan by, Jung Chang, and Testament of Youth by Vera Britain. The Wild Swan memoir describes the Cultural Revolution that took place in China in a narrative that compares the experiences of her grandmother, her mother, and hers to explain China’s transformation into the modern world. In the Testament of Youth memoir, Brittain focuses on the effects of the First World War on the British middle class citizens. It further highlights the plight of women during, after the war, and in a compa ssionate manner that appeals to all. The memoir is given in a narrative manner that recounts the harsh experiences of Brittain that pushed her into writing the memoir as a way of expressing herself. The two memoirs are important historical aspects that reveals the past in a captivating manner and are valuable in solving current and future problems that affect humanity. Findings Wild swan memoir by Jung Chang was first published in 1991, whereby, Chang notes that the wild swan event changed his life significantly considering that it’s the book that led him into being a writer. Chang had for long dreamt of being a writer, but his dreams had been quashed by the tyrannical rule of Mao, which threatened the lives of many writers who suffered in endless political persecutions. Chang’s memoir is a story of three generations of the 20th century China highlighting the then Presidents Mao’s impact of his tyrannical rule in China, and touching on the experiences of females in the modern world. Chang describes the life of her grandmother, who was a warlord concubine; the struggles that her mother went through as a young idealistic communist, and about the ordeals, her parents went through during the Cultural Revolution. During the Cultural Revolution, Mao’s failures led Chang’s parents into opposing the president’s policies. They were consequently targeted together with other opposing high-ranking officials during the revolution. The criticizing of Mao by Chang’s father made Chang’s family be exposed to retaliation from Mao’s supporters. This was further followed by her father’s imprisonment, and her family was forced to leave home. All this made Chang lose the respect she had for Mao as she writes, to the extent that when Mao died, she had to hide her head under the shoulder of another student to pretend that she was grieving. Chang left to study in Britain in 1978 on a government scholarship, where she found life there interesting to the extent that she came to love her new country so much, and especially its diverge culture. The publication the first book Wild Swan made Chang a celebrity due to her unique style of using a personal description of the lives of three generations of Chinese women as a way of highlighting the many changes her country went through that proved extremely successful. The relation of these three stories starts with Chang’s grandmother being sold as a concubine to a Beijing’s police chief in order to increase her father’s power and status in their society. Chang describes her grandmother’s early life, her time as the concubine of a warlord, and the escape with her baby daughter following the death of her husband. This was then followed by the marriage of Chang’s mother to a reputable middle class doctor, making it possible for Chang to give a vivi d picture of the traditional china, in addition to the place of women in the society before the communist revolution took place. The testament of youth memoir describes the impact that the First World War had on the middle class citizens in Britain. The memoir shows the impacts of this war that prolonged into post war years, hence its huge impacts on the citizens. The memoir is further a kind of feminist literature due to their depiction of pioneer women forging their way into independent careers on a society that was sluggishly forbearing of learned women. The memoirs start with Brittains plans of getting into Oxford University, and her love life with Roland Leighton, who was a friend to her brother. The narrative goes through the deaths of her fiancà ©e brother and her two closest male friends during the First World War. It ends with Brittain meeting her Husband and the ensuing marriage in 1925. Brittain was left physically exhausted and grief striken, yet amidst the entire trauma, an idea was planted in Brittains mind of immortalizing her story in a book. The idea of the book came later to be the testament of the youth, which is one of the most celebrated memoirs of the twentieth century. The words in these memoirs appear to pour out of her, a strong mixture of both loss and fury that are reinforced by intelligence and pacifist beliefs. As a woman, Brittain was able to account the female experiences in the war with an instinctive dynamism. The literary memorialization of world war one was a preserve of the male until the testament of the youth was derived. Brittain was thus able to balance emotional resonance with intellectual precision. She was able to relay her own story that of being the daughter of the proprietor of a provincial paper factory, and then as a young woman in the path towards making sense of the personal effects that were wrecked by war. By so doing, she was able to lay out her political beliefs. According to the memoirs, she was able to learn that no one can live in isolation form public events. Having grown up in a conservative middle class family, she is able to write boldly concerning her own ambitions as a means of progressing her life and those of other women, despite the traditional ideas by her parents that a woman’s place belongs in the home. What gives Brittain’s memoirs such a great influence is the refusal by Brittain to cling on to accepted norms that continue to diminish the place of a woman in the society. The memoir weaves around political issues into her personal life that makes Brittain’s memoir so fascinating. This is because any person does not have to be interested in pacifism or feminism to understand Brittain’s viewpoint. The powerful memoir, however, did not come without experiencing of personal by Brittain. Though she belived thaty she would never be find any joy of being in a relationship, she did eventually marry George Caltin, a philosopher which following a courtship that was instigated by a letter. Writing of the testament of youth, together with its publication not only affected Brittain, but also had wider implications. Her husband had to cope reading the emotional nostalgic writing of his wife’s’ former lover. The deaths of her closest friends and father forced Brittain to shoulder the weight if this tragedy. She consequently poured out her energies into campaigning against colonialism, apartheid, and nuclear proliferation. Britttain’s political activism had a lasting impact on her daughter, in that; she led the opposition against the invasion of Iraq in the House of Lords in 2003. Value Following the revolution, the position of women in the society rose significantly with Chang’s mother being a civil servant and later the wife of an official. Chang, therefore, gives a historical viewpoint on the effect of Mao’s rule on the culture of traditional China, as well as the unusual opening of women in today’s world. Chang’s account is an inspiring one of courage, intelligence, love, loyalty, and sensitivity that is told in an objective manner without guilt or accusations. Though Brittain is now dead and cannot witness the success the memoirs, the impacts are still felt even today in, for instance, how her book has helped in shaping the consciousness of modern feminists. In a period of six years, the memoirs had sold over 120, 000 copies. The outbreak of World War II, however, meant that Brittain’s pacifist philosophy became less popular. It was not until the late 1970s that the Virago, the feminist publisher reprinted Testament of Youth which was followed by a popular TV series brought Brittain’s work to a bigger audience. The book up to today remains considerably influential 8 decades after its publication, and continues to inspire new generations. The book was able to convey the personal devastation that followed World War I, especially from the perspective of a young woman who experienced the wrath of war to the fullest. Many other concurrent accounts depicted women as victims who bore the devastating effect of world events, rather th an as the means of their own change. Her story is an empathetic one that gives the experiences of women a voice considering that many other female writers struggled to bring their accounts into the limelight. Problem as a way to recount past Using the problem as a way of recounting the past is that the story is prone to be relayed in a subjective manner that focuses more on the problem than on the solutions, and the historical aspects of the story. By using the problem approach method to highlight various past historical events we are expected to learn from may be one directional, in that, the author may only view matters that personally problematic to him/her. In these two memoirs, for instance, Brittain in the Testament of Youth focuses only on the plight of women during the First World War and consequently calls for the idealization of feminist ideas. In this line, the memoir gives us a one directional view of the problem in the war hence making it problematic to recount the past from a personal basis. Chang also focuses only on the problems of women in her memoirs hence; giving us a one directional approach to China’s cultural civilization, which is also subjective in nature. Conclusion These two memoirs present to us the various conditions the two writers went through that led to their writing of these memoirs. The memoirs present to us the story of these two writers in a narrative form that makes it interesting for one to read and consequently grasp the message. The memoirs present to us the significance of recounting the past using the problem approach, in that, individuals are able to identify with the stories and consequently comprehend their precepts. The problem method is however compounded with its shortcomings, though they are not big enough to warrant using this approach as ineffective. Through the memoirs, we are able to learn the Cultural Revolution that ushered it into the modern world. We also learn the plight of women during the First World War, and the effects of the war. The memoirs are, therefore, in the very essence significant in recounting the past as we build the future. Visit the following link to get professional History research paper help from our highly qualified writers: https://www./history-papers/history-research-paper.html.

Smoke Signals essays

Smoke Signals essays Can a reel Indian, ever be a sign for a real Indian? The question is somewhat specious, since most Caucasians imaged on American film are not signs of real people: the teeth are too white, the noses too sculpted, the bodies too buffed, the hair too perfectly coifed, the repartee too witty. To a certain extent, every movie is a smoke signal of cultural values. For this very reason, then, we should pay attention to cinematic signs generated by Native American culture itself, as in the 1998 film Smoke Signals, the first commercially successful movie written , directed, co-produced, and acted by Indians. With a comparatively modern setting, Smoke Signals is about the signs that represent Indians in contemporary culture. Not only do drumbeats associated with Indian war parties punctuate the score, but televisions in the background of several shots also display Indians on the rampage in old black-and-white Westerns. When one of the protagonists answers his question, "What is the only thing more authentic than Indians on TV? with "Indians watching Indians on TV", we realize that the film ironizes the very idea of authenticity. The desire for "authentic" movie Indians may simply generate "types" rather than complex human beings with strengths and weaknesses like our own. In contrast, Smoke Signals not only gives us flawed characters that elicit our sympathy and admiration but also displays, with affection, the dysfunction of the Coeur d'Alene Reservation in Idaho from which they come. The movie opens in 1976 with the voice of Lester Fallsapart reporting traffic for KREZ radio from atop a broken-down Winnebago. When the film cuts forward to 1998, Fallsapart, situated on the same Winnebago at the same crossroads, announces "It's a good day to be indigenous. The image, of course, forces us to question whether the "indigenous" have made any gains at all or, like the appropriately named Fallsapart and his Winne ...

4New †The First Blockchain Ecosystem

4New – The First Blockchain Ecosystem In developed and ordinary societies, waste management essentially implies the gathering, keeping, treatment and transfer of waste so as to render them innocuous to human and animals’ life – the nature and environment in general. It could likewise be said to be the sorted out and efficient dumping and diverting of waste through or into landfills or pathways to guarantee that they are discarded with consideration regarding adequate general wellbeing and environmental shield. Legitimate waste management will bring about the decrease or aggregate end of contamination. In Nigeria, managing waste transfer has turned into a noteworthy worry in spite of a few endeavors by progressive governments and private associations toward that path. That is why it is a common sight across the country today to see heaps of festering waste dumps in relatively every alcoves and crevices. Private lofts, markets, conduits, roadways, boulevards and undeveloped plots of land have been swung to waste dumps for some family units. No big surprise numerous say that in Nigeria, waste increments in a geometrical movement and accumulation and transfer is at an arithmetical movement. Why all these problems when waste can be recycled to produce energy? With this let me present to you a solution. 4NEW is the worlds driving eco-accommodating, substantial, blockchain ecosystem controlled by waste to power control plants. The idea is very basic, the procedure of refining waste products into water and organic materials makes power which is unrestricted and uninhibitedly accessible for use or deal to the national lattice or connected to work mining forms at an on location mining ranch. Having a one of a kind chance to apply this finite lifetime supply of power to its coin called KWATT with the symbol KWATT. Each KWATT Coin will have the limit of 1 kilowatt of power for multi-year. Not at all like different organizations, which offer comparative administrations, 4NEW is remarkable as in there will be no charges of energy expenses for mining, while the main cost to a coin holder is the cost of the coin. Clients will be at freedom to choose which coins or coins they might want to put their KWATT Coin power towards to mine. The choices will comprise of the best twenty minable coins, which will consequently point the important measure of hash rate towards mining that coin. Yields will be executed to the record related with your 4NEW Wallet and with the KWATT coin; they will have the capacity to stake their tokens on the system enabling customers of capacity to use the staked coins to process crypto exchanges for monetary standards, for example, Bitcoins, Bitcoin Cash, E thereum and Dash among others. Depending on the waste to energy show idea, 4NEW is being paid for waste handled and the sales of by-products, for example, manure, organic materials and clean water, with start-up expenses to this system financed by the mint piece deal, and the plants overhead subsidized with money flow created from gathering of waste and income from offer of side-effects. At the point when appropriately kept up to run reliably with negligible downtime for 92% of yearly hours without irregularity, contingent upon the setup of the plant 4NEW can profit by other income streams as entryway expenses, Renewable Obligation Certificates (ROC), Feed-in Tariffs (FiT), and Renewable Heat Incentives (RHI) utilizing diverse innovations and procedures including Combustion, Gasiï ¬ cation, and Anaerobic Digestion.

The development program for graduate students Research Paper

The development program for graduate students - Research Paper Example For example: students can help in figuring out whether the communication skills of instructors are of desired standard by rating how easily they understand what their instructors are teaching. Students can even help in figuring out whether the instructor has the analytical skills and the experience required to teach a particular subject to the undergraduate sections. Secondly, the instructors can themselves provide insight regarding the issues they experience while teaching students. Thirdly, grades of students in their exams can even help identify whether the students are able to understand the teacher or not. While determining who to train, it is necessary to figure out who lack the skills require teaching. If both the future as well as the current instructors lacks those skills, they should be trained. Those teachers whose students are not getting good grades plus those teachers who are rated low in the context of classroom communication and students understanding should even be

Teaching science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Teaching science - Essay Example Not only does the technique influence the amount of understanding a child gets, it likewise has its effects on the manner by which a child develops his thinking and decision making skills. The method by which science is taught is highly relevant to the amount of learning of that the student gets. However, teaching science is not as simple as it may seem. Teaching science, most especially to children requires more than reading from textbooks and writing down lectures on the board. Various considerations need to be made in order to successfully make students scientifically proficient. Part of determining the best way to teach science is to understand the importance of several elements. These elements help define what the student learns and how he learns. As previously mentioned, these two principles are both important for they both have their own functions later on in one's life. One of these elements is the development of a student's scientific habits of mind. Teachers must realize the value of developing a child's scientific habits of mind to his total scholastic development and scientific learning as well. Basically, one's scientific habits of mind describe the essential thinking skills which serve as tools for both formal and informal learning in science and for life-long participation in society. These skills include problem solving, reasoning, communication, and making connections. These habits of mind are valuable skills that are necessary for a student to develop his scientific knowledge. More importantly, these skills are valuable to the total development of an individual's mind. As such, teachers must inculcate these values in students. In learning science, an individual goes through the process of inquiry. (Golberg, 1997) Many pedagogy experts have suggested that science is best learned not by the traditional methods of learning from the book but through an inquiry-based model. With such a model, one's scientific habits of mind are developed and are necessary tools in the learning process. The student learns by active participation through asking questions and discovering scientific knowledge on his own. Teachers need to see this as an opportunity to teach children not just about science but about essential lessons that are integral parts of one's life as well. (Golberg, 1997) The development of a child's scientific habits of mind is not only beneficial to the total development of the child; it is likewise a valuable tool that teachers can use in order to facilitate better learning. With the development of such skills, the teacher can concentrate on using the inquiry-based model. In doing so, she lessens the strain on her teaching skills since learning science becomes a process of self-discovery rather than the traditional teacher-centered methods. (Golberg, 1997) Another important element in teaching science is active science discussion. This requires the active participation of the students in the learning process. In an active science learning environment, there is less emphasis on book-based learning and more weight is placed in learning by inquiry specifically through a discussion with the teacher and with peers. (Golberg, 1997) In the traditional methods of teaching, the teacher dominates the classroom since

Project 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Project 2 - Essay Example I will focus on Tesco QR code subway store. The project aim is to give a brief idea about how technology may help the businesses, which support me to choose this subject in my bachelor. As you know, the short term strategy is to evaluate the topic and feedback visitor’s comments. I will link the website with my Facebook, Twitter, Google plus account and send the website link by WhatsApp and Email. I will work hard and use all my experiences in order to build a good reputation to achieve the main goal in the medium term which will be explained in the next chapter. In the short term there are no goals except to build a good reputation. After ascertaining that the short term plan have been successfully accomplished, the next step which is the medium term plan goal is to present any new technology in my website so that developers may know the consumers needs throw the website to produce a new needed product also to know the other new technology in order if a developer thinking of mixing two technology together. In my study at Salford university of Business Information Technology, I have understood that by mixing the information technology with the business is a very powerful combination. Information technology supports businesses and could mean the success of enterprises if applied effectively. That is why I have chosen to present a new technology in my website and the topic of my dissertation which is about E-learning. New technology such as the apps and shopping online has become my interest which has triggered me to think about designing a new app and market it after finishing my bachelor. There are many areas where my project could support. By understanding the value of social networks and how it can affect any business in positive or negative way. Also by looking and understanding what does website ranking mean and how important is it in the internet world. Which lead me to find the best keywords and search engine

Is rationalisation a desirable strategy for managing and organising Essay

Is rationalisation a desirable strategy for managing and organising Junction Hotel in the current economic climate Discuss your - Essay Example output in the production activities (Buckley &Casson, 1976). The method has however never been devoid of a critic who sees it as a new way of exploiting workers and dehumanizing them. Despite the critics Taylors way has impacted a lot on the management with various organizations adopting it either in one way or the other. Taylor postulates that the rational design selected by business depends mostly on the size of business running, therefore, small business organization borrows from simple designs because they comprise of les staff and example of such business are small kiosk that are being run solely by one person which is the authority and manager controlling other junior staff (Buckley &Casson, 1976). This simple design shows a pyramid kind of hierarchical control with manager exercising larger control of business. This kind of control put all the responsibility on the manager as being responsible for all matters relating to organization and its workers, it therefore means that th e employee’s only carries out activities assigned to them by the manager. Upon Taylor taking the position of management in a company the management strategy changed significantly breaking away from the past and adopting the new scientific way of management. He was determined to ending the soldiering problem in the company and bringing in change of mind between the workers and their managers based on four principles; Scientifically coming up with a way of performing specific task, picking workers best suited for a specific task, working according to the principal of science and specifying the roles of managers and workers. The scientific management increased the productivity of both workers and managers and in extension increasing their living standard and success due to... Globalization has taken market competition to a whole new level as the dominant companies and organizations in the domestic countries faces competition from new entrants in to their field of specialization. Today there is more efficiency in transport and distributions network this trend has brought ease to the business world because products can easily be distributed to the consumers. Electronic transfers have also made making and receiving international payments faster and more secure. Increase in transport and distribution networks also make it possible for consumers to receive products in good time and in varieties. There has also been increased globalization in the financial institutions making it possible for organizations and individuals to readily access finances. Investors invest in different markets therefore reducing the risks that could be exposed to in concentrating only in one market. Globalization has also escalated the inequality in the world as the rich will continue to become richer and the poor becoming poorer.The rich will be accumulating the wealth and investing in overseas account at the expense of the poor in their home countries. Also Developing countries are not in the limelight of globalization therefore sidelining them further in the development. Conclusion Globalization is on his part brought with it improvement in the markets all around the globe for domestic products hence availing variety of produce in plenty to people with high disposable income. There are however international bodies like the world trade organizations and United Nations which countries have to play by their rules to ensure that there is fair play in the world of trade. Globalization therefore is taking the world a new direction.

Communication case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Communication case study - Essay Example g the opinions and facts he got from different sources such as reading newspapers, magazines, and books in the library, he even interviewed some people who are really associated with the problem he was dealing with. But the part of saying â€Å" I don’t care who said that† came the problem arising. He was not able to present the information regarding that portion. He should reach them in a manner that is persuasive so that the audience can feel the essence of the message and information he is trying to impart. ]Scott should face the audience confidently and showing dependency and amazingly believing what he got from his sources, but in mentioning what the mayor said regarding the Mexican problem, that’s where the revolts of the people arise. He should not tell that to the people. Because such actions of telling bad things about other people is not good, most probably if you are to gossip that to the public. He must keep the name of the person clean. And he should stay innocent and acted just the mediator and the facilitator of the message. The message itself that will stimulate one’s ears to run their ideas and think logically about the situation. As a speaker, you should consider the feelings of the audience. Always consider them as reactors once you throw words from you. They will probably react on everything you will say. Evidences and statements you gathered will be your defense and source for answering their questions. In communication there is always a producer and a receiver and of course a channel. In here, Scott could be the producer or the channel, because the information came from him and so he uses his self to send the message to the audiences. The audience in Scott’s case reacted violently with what they heard was said by the mayor of the other city. That speaker’s should not say in front of the crowd offensive things. Due to this people around him gave their feedbacks. Scott and his colleagues have a direct connection, but he can easily

How did the French & Indian War shape the American Revolution Essay

How did the French & Indian War shape the American Revolution - Essay Example This action by George Washington sparks the war between the French and the Indians1. The impact of fighting both the Indians and the French is too enormous for the British government. To recover the enormous debts incurred, the British under King George introduces ridiculous taxes on the Native Americans. The move by the British to impose heavy taxes on the Native Americans elicits anger amongst the Americans, who come up with their reactionary tactics. To show their anger, the Americans start to boycott the British commodities that were highly taxed. Protest groups break off and start protesting against the brutal imposition of taxation on the American soil2. Sam Adams, an outspoken leader, leads protests in parts of Boston. Most officials from the American counties join sooth and demand for justice and fair representation. More reactionary actions from the Americans start slowly and become a very strong movement of revolution against the

Communication case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Communication case study - Essay Example g the opinions and facts he got from different sources such as reading newspapers, magazines, and books in the library, he even interviewed some people who are really associated with the problem he was dealing with. But the part of saying â€Å" I don’t care who said that† came the problem arising. He was not able to present the information regarding that portion. He should reach them in a manner that is persuasive so that the audience can feel the essence of the message and information he is trying to impart. ]Scott should face the audience confidently and showing dependency and amazingly believing what he got from his sources, but in mentioning what the mayor said regarding the Mexican problem, that’s where the revolts of the people arise. He should not tell that to the people. Because such actions of telling bad things about other people is not good, most probably if you are to gossip that to the public. He must keep the name of the person clean. And he should stay innocent and acted just the mediator and the facilitator of the message. The message itself that will stimulate one’s ears to run their ideas and think logically about the situation. As a speaker, you should consider the feelings of the audience. Always consider them as reactors once you throw words from you. They will probably react on everything you will say. Evidences and statements you gathered will be your defense and source for answering their questions. In communication there is always a producer and a receiver and of course a channel. In here, Scott could be the producer or the channel, because the information came from him and so he uses his self to send the message to the audiences. The audience in Scott’s case reacted violently with what they heard was said by the mayor of the other city. That speaker’s should not say in front of the crowd offensive things. Due to this people around him gave their feedbacks. Scott and his colleagues have a direct connection, but he can easily

Israeli Wars from 1948 to Present Essay Example for Free

Israeli Wars from 1948 to Present Essay The 1948 War of Independence, which took place between November 1947 and July 1949, was started by a 6 month civil war between Jewish and Arab militias at the end of the British mandate of Palestine. This turned into a regular war after the declaration of Independence and the intervention of several Arab armies. The five surrounding Arab nations i. e. Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Syria and Lebanon with support from Saudi Arabia launched a coordinated attack on Israel from the land, sea and air. These countries were urged on by their leaders who assured them that they could return after all Jews had been driven out (Eisenberg 147). The Jews were, however, able to defeat Arab armies resulting in an armistice that was signed in 1949 signaling an end to the conflict. The Armistice agreements were signed between Israel, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria. They established the armistice lines between Israel and the West Bank also known as the Green line. The Sinai War of 29th October 1956 involved a military attack on Egypt by Britain, France and Israel. Israeli troops invaded Egypt’s Sinai Peninsula and quickly overcame opposition as they raced for the Suez Canal. Britain and France offered to temporarily occupy the Canal Zone and suggested a 10 mile buffer on either side to separate Egyptian forces from the Israelis. Egyptian President Nasser objected and on 31st October 1956, Egypt was attacked by Britain and France. Consequently, the Soviet Union threatened to attack on Egypt’s behalf but it took the intervention of U. S. President Eisenhower to get them to agree to a ceasefire. The war itself lasted for only a week with invading forces withdrawn within a month. The Six Day War took place in June 1967. It was fought between June 5th and June 10th. The war was against Syria, Jordan and Egypt as Israel believed that it was only a matter of time before the three Arab states attacked her. After the 1956 crisis, the United Nations (UN) had established a military presence in the Middle East but in 1967, Egypt made it clear that the UN was unwanted in the region. Israel viewed this as a sign that Egypt was preparing to attack and rather than wait to be hit, they launched a hugely successful military campaign against its perceived enemies. Following the war, the territory held by Israel expanded significantly and it now included the West Bank, Sinai, the Golan Heights and Gaza. The War of Attrition was a limited war that was fought between Israel and Egypt from 1967 to 1970. This war was initiated by Egyptians as a way of recapturing the Sinai from the Israelis who had been in control of the territory since the Six Day War. The Egyptian President believed that Israel would be unable to endure the economic burden and casualties of war. To this end, he ordered calibrated attacks on Israel which would not provoke an all out Israeli war response. The hostilities ended when a ceasefire was signed between the countries in 1970 with frontiers remaining in the same place as when the war began. The Yom Kippur War of 1973 is so called as it began on the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur), the holiest day of prayer and fasting in the Jewish calendar. This war is variously referred to as the October War. It started with a surprise Arab attack on Israel knowing that the military would be participating in religious celebrations. Israeli forces were initially overwhelmed but by October 8th, bolstered by reserves, they counter attacked in the Sinai. They managed to push back the Egyptian military. The United Nations organized a ceasefire on October 24th and in September 1975, Egypt and Israel signed an interim agreement. Still, there were no significant territorial changes. The First Lebanon War began on 6th June 1982 when Israeli forces invaded Southern Lebanon. The government launched military operations after an assassination attempt against Israel’s ambassador to the U. K. by a mercenary organization opposed to the PLO. Israel then attacked the PLO as well as Syrian and Muslim Lebanese forces before they occupied Southern Lebanon. The war ended after three years in 1985 when Israel stabilized in the safety strap lengthwise along the border. The Second Lebanon War was sparked when Hezbollah guerillas ambushed an Israeli patrol on the border on July 12 2006. Israel’s Prime Minister Ehud Olmert declared his intention to free the captives and remove Hezbollah from Southern Lebanon forever and thus began an ultimately inconclusive month long war. During the short conflict, Israel lost 119 soldiers and 43 civilians whilst Lebanese civilians bore the brunt of the war with more than 1000 killed. The UN Security Council unanimously approved UN Resolution 1701 on 11th August 2006 to end hostilities.

Influence of Al3+ Addition on Activated Sludge

Influence of Al3+ Addition on Activated Sludge Influence of Al3+ addition on the flocculation and sedimentation of activated sludge: Comparison of single and multiple dosing patterns Mariam Touati Abstract In this research, single and multiple dosing of Al3+ were used to study the flocculation and sedimentation of activated sludge (AS). It was found that in the single Al3+ dosing condition; sludge flocculation is improved but sedimentation is declined. Adding the same amount of Al3+ during multiple dosing attained a similar reduction in turbidity. Interaction energy had a major role during single dosing conditions, whereas multiple dosing was mostly effective in reducing EPS content; this is regarding the differences in the performance of flocculation. Introduction The widely most used process for wastewater treatment is the activated sludge (AS) system. The water quality of the sewerage is affected in a large way by the solid-liquid separation in the system, which depends efficient sludge flocculation and sedimentation. 70% 90% of the secondary clarifiers in the AS systems however have encountered solid-liquid separation issues. Two of the main causers of these issues are the reproduction of filamentous bacteria and deficient sludge flocculation. Dosing of flocculants is one of the most effective solution to poor flocculation performance. Cations act as flocculants when added to wastewater and ease flocculation. High cation concentration helps improve biological flocculation. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) consist of polysaccharides, proteins, humic compounds, and other cellular ingredients. EPS is considered an important component of AS flocs. They play a major role in maintaining AS flocs structure and function. In most of the cases, dense, strong, and large flocs are desirable for AS settling and compaction. AS flocs have microorganisms in addition to organic and inorganic particles ingrained in the EPS, and the suspended solids accumulate into them. By bridging with multivalent cations, EPS is able to bind to the microbial cells, which are likely to have an influence on the EPS content in the system. An increase in monovalent cations in the AS declines sludge properties and damages floc, while addition of multivalent cations improves sludge flocculation. It was found that, compared to monovalent and bivalent cations, trivalent cations help improve flocculation performance of the AS under both wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and laboratory conditions. In the present study, Al3+ was added to AS systems according to single and multiple dosing patterns, and a concentration gradient was set under single dosing conditions. The research objectives were as follows: To investigate the influence of Al3+ dosage on AS flocculation and sedimentation. To determine the more efficient dosing pattern. To reveal the mechanisms governing the influence of Al3+ on AS flocculation and sedimentation. Material and methods AS cultivation The AS used in this study was cultivated in two parallel sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) numbered R-S (single dosing) and R-M (multiple dosing), and each had a working volume of 4 L. The following steps were taken: Each reactor was supplied with a paddle mixer, which operates at 100 rads/min, and that is to prevent the AS from settling. To maintain the dissolved oxygen (DO) in the range of 2-3 mg/L, air was added. sludge retention time (SRT) was controlled around 10 d. The temperatures were kept at 22  ±1à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ °c in the reactors. The SBRs were working at a cycle time of 12 h, and 2 cycles were performed each day. The time used for filling, aerating, settling and decanting was 20, 640, 40 and 20 minutes respectively. Both the influent and effluent volumes per cycle were maintained at 2 L. Tap water was used to synthesize the artificial wastewater. Glucose, NH4Cl and KH2PO4 were used as sources of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) respectively. The relative proportion of chemical oxygen demand (COD), N and P (COD: N: P ratio) in the influent was maintained at 100: 5: 1, with the COD concentration at 700  ± 30 mg/L. Al3+ dosing test Single dosing test The AS in reactor R-S was cultivated without adding Al3+ in the influent. 500 mL of AS sample were added into 5 identical 250 mL beakers, each receiving 100 mL, to which a different Al3+ dosage was added. The Al3+ dosages were 0.125, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 meq/L, respectively, in beakers designated as S-0.125, S-0.5, S-1.0, S-1.5, respectively. No Al3+ was added into beaker S-0, which was the blank control of the experiment. All of the Al3+ in the single dosing test was added once. At 50 rad/min for 5 min then 117 rad/min for 5 min, the samples were mixed. Multiple dosing test In this test, Al3+ at a concentration 0.1 meq/L was added to the influent of reactor R-M and introduced to the reactor in each operation cycle. The mixing pattern was in accordance with single dosing test. EPS extraction protocol A 25-mL sample of AS suspension was centrifuged at 6000 g for 10 min at 4à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ °C, and the supernatant that was carefully collected was bulk solution. A NaCl solution with the same conductivity as the AS sample was prepared; then it was applied to re-suspend the AS material in the tube. Immediately, the AS suspension was oscillated by a vortex mixer for 1 min and then sheared using an ultrasonication instrument at 0.4 W/mL for 30 sec. The suspension was centrifuged at 4000 g for 10 min at 4à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ °C, and the supernatant was collected as LB-EPS. The AS sample left in the tube was re-suspended to its original volume of 25 mL with the NaCl solution, and then oscillated for 1 min and sheared at 0.5 W/mL for 1 min. Subsequently, the suspended sample was centrifuged at 4000 g for 15 min at 4à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ °C, from which the supernatant collected was TB-EPS, and the AS sample left in the tube was the pellet. The final step, the bulk solution, LB-EPS and TB-EPS extracted were filtrated through a 0.45 micro-meter cellulose acetate membrane. Analytical technique The total organic carbon (TOC) contents of the bulk solution, LB-EPS and TB-EPS were determined using a TOC/TN analyzer. The Al3+ concentrations in the bulk solution were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. After settling for 30 min, 100 mL of AS suspension were suctioned and transferred into a graduated cylinder for measuring the SVI. The turbidity of the supernatant was measured. The total interaction energy of AS was measured and calculated. Results and discussions Basic characteristics of the AS system Influence of Al3+ on AS interaction energy Single dosing According to the total interaction energy curves of the single dosing test, the energy barrier and Al3+ concentration are inversely proportional, as in, the energy barrier decreased as the Al3+ concentration increased. Comparison between single and multiple dosing patterns Multiple Al3+ dosing compressed the double electrical layers through charge neutralization. In addition to zeta potential, other factors also had an effect on AS flocculation, which reimbursed the relatively weak zeta potential reduction following multiple Al3+ dosing and ultimately equilibrated the effluent turbidities. Other factors contributed to the lower turbidity related to multiple Al3+ dosing. These observations suggested that the investigation should not be restricted to zeta potential only, and that the total interaction energy should also be taken into consideration. Multiple Al3+ dosing can promote AS flocculation by compressing the double electrical layers. It was found out that clarifying how dosing patterns affects flocculation performance in terms of total interaction energy is relatively difficult. To evaluate the influence of Al3à ¾ on AS flocculation, the role of EPS, besides that of interaction energy, must be examined. Influence of Al3+ on the EPS content Single dosing test High EPS content could worsen sludge flocculation. Sludge flocs become denser and more compact with Al3+ addition. LB-EPS play an important role in the formation of AS flocs But, an excess of LB-EPS might have a negative effect on the bonding of cells and could deteriorate the floc structure, eventually causing undesirable solid-liquid separation. EPS and supernatant turbidity decrease as Al3+ dosage increased. High LB-EPS content may result in high water content in the sludge flocs, leading to worsened sludge compactness and increased floc porosity, all causing poor flocculation The addition of Al3+ was found to lighten AS flocculation by counteracting the negative effect of LB-EPS. Al3+ reduces the suspended solids in the supernatant and improves effluent turbidity. Comparison between single and multiple dosing Both the LB-EPS and TB-EPS contents that were extracted in the multiple dosing test were much lower than those extracted in the single dosing test. Which means that in the multiple dosing test, Al3+ augmented effectively the densification of sludge through the ion bridging effect. Single dosing of Al3+ shown greater effect on the interaction energy, whereas multiple dosing of Al3+ reduced the EPS content more effectively. The eventual flocculation performances achieved by the two dosing patterns were equal. Al3+ distribution characteristics in the AS Distribution characteristics As the single dose increased the Al 3+ concentration found in the sludge increased as well. Because of Al 3+ high charge valence and solubility, almost all of it dosed constrained with the sludge. Therefore, no Al 3+ was found in the bulk solution. The amount of negative charges in different sludge components is in the following sequence: pellet > TBEPS > LB-EPS. No Al3+ could be detected in sludge components other than the pellet when the single dosage was less than 0.125 meq/L. When equal amounts of Al 3+ was added during single and multiple dosing, the Al 3+ accumulations in the sludge were similar, the Al 3+ spreading in different sludge components were different. As seen in figure 2. Al3+ could be detected in the bulk solution in the multiple dosing test, but not in the single dosing test. According to all these findings, it was concluded that the bonding capacity between Al 3+ and the sludge was different with the dosing pattern. Single dosing Single Al3+ dosage and the amount of Al3+ in the pellet are directly proportional, as the first increased the second increases as well, respectively. This caused an increase in the sludge flocs density and a decrease in the content of suspended solids, which leads to the improvement of effluent turbidity. Comparison between single and multiple dosing Pellet Al 3+ concentration has an essential positive effect on sludge flocculation. The time for the reaction between multivalent cations and the AS is critical to flocculation performance. The decrease in the sludge surface charges declined due to the increased Al3+ accumulation in the pellet. Influence of Al3+ on AS settleability Single dosing A higher single dosage of flocculant could increase the nucleation rate and the amount of small aggregates, and through the bridging function, it strengthen the interaction energy among the organics on the sludge surface. Comparison between single and multiple dosing EPS content has a significant effect on sludge settleability. Both sludge flocculation and sedimentation were enhanced by multiple additions of Al3+. Al3+ achieved floc densification by the constant recognition of the sludge structure as well as removing water. The key difference between the two dosing patterns was the variation in the reaction time. Engineering significance In case of the failure of AS flocculation and/or sedimentation in waste water treatment process (WWTP), a solution could be to add flocculants only once. Multiple dosing, which is continuous addition of flocculants in WWTPs, extends the reaction time and at the same time promotes flocculation and sedimentation performances. Therefore, it is preferable that the concentrations of multivalent cations in the pellet, in a practical operational procedure, be continuously monitored and observed; where as soon as these concentrations decrease, low concentration of flocculants must be added continuously, in order to maintain the flocculation and sedimentation of the sludge. Conclusion Sludge flocculation and turbidity elimination ware enhanced when the single dosing increased, whereas sludge sedimentation deteriorated. Better sludge sedimentation was accomplished with multiple dosing, even though there was no big difference in the reduction of turbidity between single and multiple dosing. Regarding reducing the interaction energy barrier, single dosing was more adequate, while in terms of decreasing the EPS content, multiple dosing was more effective.

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Chinese Space News Marks 10th Consecutive Successful Launch of Long March Yesterday's ChinaStar-1 launch was the 52nd launch by Chinese Long March rocket and the fourth by a Long March 3B, the country's most powerful launch vehicle. Long March experienced 3 failures in 1995 and 1996. The successful launches in recent two years will undoubtely strengthen Long March's position in the competition of global launch market. The Long March 3B placed the 2984 kg ChinaStar-1 into an orbit of 201x85732km with 24.5 degree inclination. The Lockheed Martin built satellite has 24 C-band and 24 Ku-band transponders. It will be finally placed into the geostationary orbit at 87.5 degrees East longitude by Lockheed Martin in next few days. Next in line will be the Sinosat-1 built by the French group, Aerospatiale, for an official Chinese client. That launch, also by a Long March 3B, is expected in July.  [May 30, 1998] Long March 3B Successfully Launched ChinaStar-1 Long March 3B successfully launched ChinaStar-1 today, CCTV, the Chinese official television station announced today. This is the fourth launch and the third successful launch of Long March 3B, the most powerful rocket in China. Chinastar-1 was built by Lockheed Martin and will be operated by China Oriental Telecommunications.  [May 29, 1998] APT Satellite Holdings See Revenue Growth Hong Kong Satellite operator APT Satellite Holdings sees revenue growth this year despite a reduction in the satellite transponder services in Asia due to the economic slowdown. The current leasing rate for the company's third satellite, Apstar-IIR, was now at 25 per cent. But it was expected to increase more than 50 per cent by the end of the year, APT chairman Xie Gao-Jue said. The group planned to launch Apstar V or one big satellite to replace Apstar I and Apstar IA, which run out in 2004 and 2006 respectively. APT Satellite was also negotiating with a mainland firm to develop a direct broadcast satellite system, though no decision has been reached. The group's current financial status was rated "healthy" on a gearing ratio of 42 per cent. Direct effects of the Asian currency crisis were said to be minimal as the firm's revenue is in US dollars.  [May 24, 1998] AsiaSat 4 Launch Put on Hold Asia Satellite Telecommunications Holdings (AsiaSat) yesterday said it was postponing the launch of AsiaSat 4 due to a decrease in demand for telecommunication services from satellite transponders. "We will evaluate the project at the end of this year and hoped it can be launched in the year 2000,'' chief executive officer Peter Jackson said.

Metaphysics Essay -- Philosophy Reality Empiricism Essays

Metaphysics Metaphysics can be defined as an attempt to comprehend the basic characteristics of reality. It is in fact so basic that it is all inclusive, whether something is observable or not. It answers questions of what things must be like in order to exist and how to differentiate from things that seem real but are not. A common thought is that reality is defined as what we can detect from our five senses. This type of philosophy is called empiricism, which is the idea that all knowledge comes from our senses. An empiricist must therefore believe that what we can see, touch, taste, smell, and hear must be real and that if we can not in fact see, touch, taste, smell, or hear something, it is definitely not real. However, this is a problem because there are things that are real that cannot be detected by our senses. Feelings and thoughts can not be detected, so according to a true empiricist, they must not be real. Another example that is listed in the textbook is the laws of gravity (Stewart 84). This is something that is in fact proven and we can see the effects of it, but we can not see gravity itself. Once again, this would not be considered to be â€Å"real.† However, there are certain things that some people consider to be real, and others consider them not to be. This typically comes into play when discussing religion. Some people consider God to be real although they can not â€Å"sense† Him and others say that He is not real, possibly because of the fact that they can no...

Preparation for Writing an Essay Essay

Before you start writing an essay, you need to decide three things. What are you writing about? Who do you imagine will be reading your essay? What do you want to tell them? A popular kind of essay is to offer your reader an opinion or argument. You can write a successful essay by starting off with a plan. The key to doing a successful essay is to break the writing down into short, simple steps. Pre-writing for your essay Begin by brainstorming. Brainstorming doesn’t involve writing complete sentences or paragraphs. Brainstorming involves coming up with ideas in words or short phrases. Main idea for your essay Write down the main idea of your essay. To express your main idea, write only a few words. Brainstorming â€Å"for† your main idea Write a word or a phrase that relates to your main idea. This should be something about your main idea that you agree with. Next, write another word or phrase relating to your main idea. This should also be something about your main idea that you agree with. Now, write a third word or phrase relating to your main idea that you agree with. Brainstorming â€Å"against† your main idea Write a word or a phrase that relates to your main idea. This should be something about your main idea that you disagree Try writing a second or phrase relating to your main idea. This too should something about your main idea that you disagree with. Now, write down a third word or phrase relating to your main idea that you disagree with.

Testing Plan for Video Compression, Decompression and Execution

11.2 ) Video: Software testing is the of import to accomplish the quality of the package been developed. It is used to look into application faculty or the package that fulfill the demand of the terminal user. Testing is related to two other procedures like confirmation and proof. Confirmation: gives verification specification. Validation: gives verification necessities. 9.1.1 ) Trial Plan: Trial program is doing the planning of the overall package. It will run into all the demand for existent clip processing. Quality confidence should be organize by look intoing each and every functionality. Besides trial program includes followingTest category to be testedOperation property to be testedTest eventTesting environmentTest out of scopeTrial agenda9.2 ) Testing Technique: A Technique has been used are as follows by black box testing and white box testing. It detects the mistake programmed ; keep truth, completeness and scalability of application developed is called testing. 9.2.1 ) BLACK BOX Testing: A proving which concentrates merely on functional demands of application or package is called as a Black-box testing or behavioural testing. Black-box proving efforts to bring outInaccurate or omitted mapsInterface mistakesMistakes related to informations constructions or external informations base entreeBehavior or public presentation mistakesLow-level formatting and expiration mistakes.In this thesis: Black box proving includes acquiring petition from client is proper or non as per client petition waiter acknowledge. Server indexing client requested informations in database. Indexed information is proper or non, directing of byte by byte informations to buffer is maintain the indexing sequence or non. This sort of proving performed in black box testing. 9.2.2 ) WHITE BOX Testing: White box testing is nil but the complementary to black box proving. The internal execution of application can be tested by this testing.Buffer storage compress informations that acquiring from database, It is relevant or non. If there are losing index than the informations content may be alteration. So, will prove informations compressed in buffer is right indexed or non.Executor extract theoretical account, position and control stage, tested is there are any lost informations or non.Controling informations stored in impermanent memory, after completion of send requested informations to client commanding informations is removed or non.Sending clip informations compressed utilizing Huffman algorithm.Retrieved informations is right or non.Client retrieve informations after 2 clip decompress informations. After decompressed existent informations got by client or non.9.3 ) Testing Scheme: Testing is an effectual conductivity of antecedently planned activities. A scheme for package proving must supply adjustment for low-level trials that are necessary to verify that a little unit of application has been right implemented every bit good as high-ranking trials that validate major system maps against client demands. Testing schemes can be classified as follows. 9.3.1 ) Unit of measurement: Unit of measurement proving considers package constituent or faculty as a smallest testable piece of package. It takes the constituent or faculty of testable package in the application, separate it from the balance of the codification. Then it verifies whether it works as you expect. This type of proving can be done on multiple faculties in analogue. It is white box oriented, as it is used to verify the control flow and informations flow. 9.3.2 ) Integration Testing: It is a logical extension of faculty or constituent testing. It chiefly focuses on happening defects which chiefly arise because of uniting assorted constituents for proving. Integration proving purposes at constructing a plan construction by taking integrity tested faculties. It conducts trial to uncover mistakes associated with interfacing. Once we have finished with unit proving, following undertaking is to execute incorporate proving. Unit tested faculties are taken and assemble together and execute incorporate proving. In this proving one or more faculties are tested at a clip w.r.t their functionality. 9.3.3 ) SYSTEM Testing: It verifies the full merchandise, after uniting all package and hardware constituents and validates it harmonizing to original undertaking demands. The chief purpose of system proving is to accomplish a successful execution of the computing machine based system utilizing sequence of trials. In the peculiar each trial may hold different intents but purpose behind all is verify the combination and working of system elements. 9.4 ) Trial Case: Some conditions or variables which followed by examiner to measure the effectivity of any application or system called as Test instances. It may be a individual measure, or multiple stairss, to guarantee the rightness of an application. A predictable consequence or result is can be shown as follows. Table 9.4 show the trial instance for the proposed system, as table follow by the trial instance name, measure require to acquire expected consequence, expected consequence from the proposed system, an existent how system response and in conclusion comment for trial instance to be base on balls or fail.Test Case No.Test Case NameStairssExpected ConsequenceActual ConsequenceRemarkCase 1Client RequestStore informations in server client can bespeak merely for those informations.Request accept by waiter and acknowledgeRequest accepted by waiter and acknowledge to client.Base on ballsCase 2Server informations indexingServer shop informations in database as per client petition database indexing those informations.Indexing as per the existent sequence of picture fileIndexed picture file to direct informations to buffer as per existent sequence of picture fileBase on ballsCase 3Buffer acquire informations from database as per indexedDatabase send informations to the buffer in bytesData infusion in byte format for buffer procedureData extracted in byte format and send to bufferBase on ballsCase 4Compress informations in bufferBuffer compacting informations that got from databaseCompress Data as per acquiring byte from databaseCompressed Datas that got from database in bytesBase on ballsCase 5Extracting theoretical account, position and command portion from tight picture file in bytesExecutor extract theoretical account, position and accountant information and those information shop in array of bytesExtraction of 3 parts and measure theoretical account and position portion to direct to the clientExtract merely view portion there are no any back land sound consequenceFailCase 6Extracting theoretical account, position and command portion from byte codification of picture fileIn executor utilizing FuzzyMVC algorithm to pull out theoretical account, position and command portionExtract Model, position and command portion from picture file in byte formatExtracted theoretical account, position and accountantBase on ballsCase 7Storing control portion informations as a impermanent fileStore Control information from picture in buffer for impermanentImpermanent storage of control portion and take that storage infinite after com pletion of dealingStoring control portion informations as a impermanent file but did non take after dealing completionFailCase 8Storing control portion informations as a impermanent fileShop information from picture in buffer for impermanentImpermanent storage of control portion and take that occupied infinite after completion of client receivingStoring informations of control file as a impermanent information and take that informations utilizing buffer algorithmBase on ballsCase 9Sending extracted theoretical account and position portion to the clientStoring control information from picture file and direct theoretical account and position portion to the clientSend theoretical account and position portion to the clientSent information continuously to the clientBase on ballsCase 10Decompress accepted informationsClient need to uncompress informations that got from waiterGZip algorithm is used for compress and decompress, Decompression of informationsDecompressed informations and got existent consequence without deformationBase on ballsTable – 9.4: Trial instances 10.1 ) RESULT Analysis: For ciphering the public presentation of proposed system and besides doing comparative analysis with the consequence been generated from the experimental rating.Compaction Comparison: Figure – 10.1 ( a ) : Compaction ComparisonRMI Compress TimeSimple compress TimeArray size0.080.082220.0820.089450.0940.1600.10.11700.1100.1275Decompression Comparison: Figure – 10.1 ( B ) Decompression ComparisonGZIP Decompress TimeSimple Decompress TimeArray Size0.0220.022220.0230.0232450.0280.03600.0520.054700.0560.058575Transmission of informations utilizing J2ME RMI ( Between 2 machines ) Figure – 10.1 ( degree Celsius ) : Transmission of Data utilizing J2ME RMI J2ME RMI ( Between 2 machine )Simple transmissionthrough IP referenceArray Size0.630.66220.6560.695450.7420.776600.7930.811700.82140.84175 Transmission of informations utilizing J2ME RMI ( Using 1 machines ) : Figure – 10.1 ( vitamin D ) : Data transmittal in individual machineJ2ME RMI ( one machine )Simple transmittal through socketArray Size0.6420.644220.7850.789400.8310.862600.8850.89700.9180.93475Comparison of Proposed System with Current System. Figure – 10.1 ( vitamin E ) : Proposed system and Youtube comparingProposed System Time TakingYouTube Time TakingArray Size1.00211.032221.0311.082401.4231.48601.6021.637801.81.841001.861.891201.921.961402.0032.151602.4232.5012002.6542.75622011.1 ) Main: Figure-11.1: Main GUI 11.2 ) Video: Figure- 11.2: Video choice 11.3 ) VIDEO PLAYER ( Small size picture ) : Figure – 11.3 ( a ) : Small size picture participant Figure – 11.3 ( B ) : HD picture participant 11.4 ) AUDIO Choice: Figure – 11.4 ( a ) : Audio choice Figure – 11.4 ( B ) : Audio PlayerDecision:This research proposed an offloading picture compaction, decompression and executing of picture at server side. Compaction utilizing Gzip method is more effectual than any other compression techniques. Gzip usage Quad tree method every bit good as Huffman algorithm to compact the information utilizing this sort of compaction of informations we can state that information is more confidential while directing from waiter to client. Proposed system usage buffer storage. It will bring informations from database in bytes, compress informations and send to the executor for farther procedure. Buffer storage usage Data buffer algorithm to hive away informations and direct informations as per demand to executor. Executor extract theoretical account, position and command portion from picture file and direct theoretical account and position portion to the requested client and shop control portion as a impermanent information. This proposed system is more confidential than any other unrecorded cyclosis of picture or any other picture downloader. Proposed system is taking less clip than any other system for unrecorded cyclosis or download. When we are directing theoretical account, position and command portion together to any client at that clip command portion taking more clip to put to death. But, with this proposed system we are covering merely with theoretical account and position portion. System Extract command portion and usage Huffman algorithm at directing clip, it will take less clip than control information send over web.Mentions:RESEARCH / JOURNAL PAPER1.[ IEEE CS, 2004 ]Adaptive Offloading for Pervasive Computing, Published by the IEEE CS and IEEE ComSoc,1536-1268/04/ $ 20.00  © 2004 IEEE2.[ CHUEN, 1990 ]Fuzzy logic in control system: Fuzzy logic accountant – Part I, CHUEN CHIEN, pupil member, IEEE, IEEE dealing on system, MAN and cybernetics, vol.20, NO-2, March / April. 19903.[ NIC, F rance ]Transparent and Dynamic Code Offloading for Java Applications, Nicolas Geoffray, Gael Thomas, and BertilFolliotLaboratoired, Informatique de Paris 6 8 herb of grace du Capitaine Scott, 75015 Paris France4.[ ALI, 2003 ]Image Encoding Using Block-Based Transformation Algorithm, Mohammad Ali, BaniYounes and AmanJantan, IAENG International Journal of Computer Science, 35:1, IJCS_35_1_03.5.[ BALAKRISHNA, 2013 ]EMBEDDING OF EXECUTABLE FILE IN ENCRYPTED IMAGE USING LSB MECHANISM, P.Sathish Kumar, Mr. C.BalaKrishnan, International Conference on Information Systems and Computing ( ICISC-2013 ) , INDIA, ISSN 2250-2459 ( Online ) , An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 3, Particular Issue 1, January 20136.[ JOSHI, IJCET ]A GENERIC PERFORMANCE EVALUATION MODEL FOR THE FILE SYSTEMS, Farid, SD Joshi, Manjusha Joshi ; International diary of Computer Engineering & A ; Technology ( IJCET ) ,5,17.[ ZHANG, SKYPE ]Profiling Skype Video Calls: Rate Control and Video Quality, Xinggong Zhang, Yang Xuy, HaoHuy, Yong Liuy, Zongming Guo and Yao Wang.8.[ MAKWANA, 2015 ]Performance Impact Analysis of Application Implemented on Active Storage Framework, Naveenkumar J, Raj Makwana, Prof. S. D. Joshi, Prof. D. M. Thakore ; International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering.9.[ MAHESH, 2014 ]Video Compression Techniques – A Comprehensive Survey, M.Atheeshwari, K.Mahesh, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, Volume 4, Issue 1, January 2014 ISSN: 2277 128X.10.[ FOX, 1998 ]Fox et al. , â€Å"Adapting to Network and Client Variation Using Active Proxies: Lessons and Positions, † IEEE Personal Comm. , Aug. 1998, pp. 10–19.11.[ NOBLE, 2000 ]B.D. Noble, â€Å"System Support for Mobile, Adaptive Applications, † IEEE Personal Comm. , Feb. 2000, pp. 44–49.12.[ NOBLE, 1997 ]B.D. Baronial et al. , â€Å"Agile Application-Aware Adaptation for Mobility, † Proc. 16th ACM Symp. Operating Systems Principles ( SOSP 97 ) , ACM Press, 1997, pp. 276–287.13.[ LARA, 2001 ]E. de Lara, D.S. Wallach, and W. Zwaenepoel, â€Å"Puppeteer: Component-Based Adaptation for Mobile Computing, † Proc. 3rdUSENIX Symp. Internet Technologies and Systems ( USITS 01 ) , Usenix Assoc. , 2001, pp. 159–170.14.[ X. GU, 2003 ]X. Gu et al. , â€Å"Adaptive Offloading Inference for Delivering Applications in a Permeant Computing Environment, † Proc. 1st IEEE Int’l Conf. Pervasive Computing and Comm. ( PerCom 03 ) , IEEE CS Press, 2003, pp. 107–11415.[ GARAY, 1979 ]M. Garey and D. Johnson, Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NPCompleteness, W.H. Freeman, 1979.16.[ STOER, 1997 ACM ]M. Stoer and F. Wagner, â€Å"A Simple Min- Cut Algorithm, † J. ACM, July 1997, pp.585–591.17.[NAHRSTEDT, 1999 ] B. Li and K. Nahrstedt, â€Å"A Control-Based Middleware Framework for Quality-of-Service Adaptations, † IEEE J. Selected Areas in Comm. , Sept. 1999, pp. 1632–165.18.[ GHOSE, IJCET ]Gopal Thapa, Kalpana Sharma and M.K.Ghose, â€Å"Multi Resolution Motion Estimation Techniques For Video Compression: A Survey† International diary of Computer Engineering & A ; Technology ( IJCET ) , Volume 3, Issue 2, 2012, pp. 399 – 406, ISSN Print: 0976 – 6367, ISSN Online: 0976 – 6375.19.[ SOUMYA, 2013 ]B.K.N.Srinivasa Rao, P.Sowmya, â€Å"Architectural Implementation of Video Compression Through Wavelet Transform Coding And Ezw Coding† International diary of Computer Engineering & A ; Technology ( IJCET ) , Volume 3, Issue 3, 2012, pp. 202 – 210, ISSN Print: 0976 – 6367, ISSN Online: 0976 – 6375.Web sites:1.hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computation_offloading2.hypertext transfer protocol: //www.oracle.com/t echnetwork/java/index-jsp-140794.html3.hypertext transfer protocol: //cit.srce.unizg.hr/index.php/CIT/article/view/16094.hypertext transfer protocol: //javarevisited.blogspot.in/2013/04/10-reasons-to-learn-java-programming.html5.hypertext transfer protocol: //docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/generics/why.html6.hypertext transfer protocol: //jcp.org/en/jsr/detail? id=667.hypertext transfer protocol: //www.deitel.com/articles/java_tutorials/20060422/PlayingVideowithJMF/Books:1.BALAGURUSAMY, â€Å"Programming with JAVA a primer† , 4th edition ( Mc Graw Hill )2.DREAMTECH, M.T.SAVALIYA, â€Å"Advance Java Tecnology†3.Mark Nelson and Jean-loup Gailly, M & A ; T Books, New York, United States of America, 2nd edition, â€Å"The Data Compression Book†4.Ross Williams, Kluwer Books, Norwell, United States of America, â€Å"Adaptive Data Compression†List OF PUBLICATIONS:SR. No.Title of PaperName of WritersName of the Journal / Publication / ConferenceVolume / Iss ue /DateImpact Factor1.Performance Impact Analysis of Application Implemented on Active Storage FrameworkRaj Makwana, NaveenKumar J. , Prof. D.M.Thakore, Prof. S.D.JoshiInternational Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering ( IJARCSSE )Volume 5, Issue 2, 28ThursdayFebruary 2015 ISSN: 2277 128X pp. 550-554,2.52.Offloading compaction and decompression logic closer to video files utilizing Remote Procedure CallRaj Makwana, NaveenKumar J. , Prof. D.M.Thakore, Prof. S.D.JoshiInternational Journal of computing machine Engineering and Technology ( IJCET )Volume 6, Issue 3, 30ThursdayMarch 2015, pp. 37-45 ISSN 0976 – 6367 ( Print ) ISSN 0976 – 6375 ( Online )8.9Maestro Of Technology Dissertation, 2014-2015Page 1